Self-sealing analysis of beam seal fittings in hydrogen transmission pipelines based on multi-scale contact model
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摘要:
为评估梁式管接头作为航空输氢管路连接件的可行性，开展输氢管路梁式管接头自密封性分析。建立了包含粗糙密封表面形貌特征的梁式管接头多尺度有限元模型，基于该模型对不同工况环境下密封区域的实际接触面积和接触压力进行仿真计算，研究了梁式管接头的自密封性随预紧力、密封介质温度和介质压力的变化规律。研究结果表明：梁式管接头的自密封性主要体现在第一道密封上，轴向预紧力和密封介质压力的增加能够强化自密封效果，提升第一道密封的密封性能；流体介质温度对自密封性的影响并不显著，在所考察的温度范围内第一道密封和第二道密封的密封性能均无显著变化，研究结果说明了梁式管接头在宽温域环境下的密封性能稳定性和对高压力环境的适应性。
Abstract:To evaluate the feasibility of beam seal fittings as connectors for aviation hydrogen pipelines, an analysis of the self-sealing performance of beam seal fittings was conducted. A multi-scale finite element model of the beam seal fitting, incorporating the surface topography characteristics of rough sealing surfaces, was established. Based on this model, simulations were performed to calculate the real contact area and contact pressure in the sealing region under various working conditions. The law of the self-sealing performance of beam seal fittings varying with preload force, sealing medium temperature, and medium pressure was investigated. The results indicated that the self-sealing performance of beam seal fittings was primarily attributed to the sealing performance of the first seal. An increase in axial preload force and sealing medium pressure enhanced the self-sealing effect and improved the sealing performance of the first seal. In contrast, the temperature of the fluid medium had no significant impact on self-sealing performance, as the sealing performance of both the first and second seals remained largely unchanged within the investigated temperature range. The findings demonstrated the stability of the sealing performance of beam seal fittings across a wide temperature range and their adaptability to high-pressure environments.
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Key words:
- hydrogen fuel /
- hydrogen pipeline /
- beam seal fitting /
- self-sealing /
- rough surface /
- multi-scale model
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图 7 不同预紧力下压敏胶片显示结果
Figure 7. Results of pressure-sensitive films under different pre-tightening forces
图 8 两道密封试验结果与有限元计算结果的对比
Figure 8. Comparison of the results of the two sealing experiments with the results of the finite element calculations
图 9 不同位移载荷下接触压力云图
Figure 9. Contact pressure contour of the two seals under different displacement loads
图 10 不同位移载荷下两道密封的接触面积比和平均接触压力
Figure 10. Contact area ratio and average contact pressure of two seals under different displacement loads
图 11 不同温度下两道密封接触压力云图
Figure 11. Contact pressure contour of two seals under different temperatures
图 12 第一道密封的接触面积比和平均接触压力（70 MPa）
Figure 12. Contact area ratio and average contact pressure of the first seal （70 MPa）
图 13 第二道密封的接触面积比和平均接触压力（70 MPa）
Figure 13. Contact area ratio and average contact pressure of the second seal （70 MPa）
图 14 不同密封介质压力下密封接触压力云图
Figure 14. Contact pressure contour of the two seals under different sealing medium pressures
图 15 第一道密封的接触面积比和平均接触压力（−253 ℃）
Figure 15. Contact area ratio and average contact pressure of the first seal （−253 ℃）
图 16 第二道密封的接触面积比和平均接触压力（−253 ℃）
Figure 16. Contact area ratio and average contact pressure of the second seal （−253 ℃）
表 1 梁式管接头结构参数取值
Table 1. Parameter values of the beam seal fitting
结构参数 数值 阴接头椭圆弧凹槽的长半轴a/mm 1.66 阴接头椭圆弧凹槽的短半轴b/mm 0.30 第一道密封名义接触带宽c/mm 0.49 阳接头壁厚d/mm 2.70 U形口轴向长度e/mm 1.04 密封梁截面宽度h/mm 0.50 阴接头壁厚p/mm 1.55 锥面角α/（°） 8.50 阴接头倒角角度β/（°） 45.0 U型梁底部与阴接头外径的距离δ/mm 1.10 U形梁与径向的夹角θ/（°） 15.0 
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表 2 材料参数
Table 2. Material parameters
温度/℃ 密度/
（g/cm3）弹性
模量/GPa泊松比 屈服
强度/MPa−253 7.85 826 0.247 527 −196 7.85 564 0.247 420 −100 7.85 448 0.247 345 −20 7.85 348 0.247 308 25 7.85 199 0.247 263
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表 3 网格无关性验证
Table 3. Grid independence verification
网格数量 接触面积比/% 最大接触
压力/MPa第一道密封 第二道密封 188053 15.4 60.7 495.62 249757 17.9 64.1 604.54 323623 18.3 64.7 606.00
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