不同旋流强度和氢气喷孔对纯氢燃烧室燃烧性能的影响研究

任浩祺; 林宇震; 张立传; 华健; 张皓昱; 王建臣

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250594

不同旋流强度和氢气喷孔对纯氢燃烧室燃烧性能的影响研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250594

任浩祺^1,,
林宇震^{2, 3},
张立传²,
华健⁴,
张皓昱⁴,
王建臣^{2, 3,*, ,}

1.
北京航空航天大学国家卓越工程师学院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院，北京 100191
3.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机气动热力国家级重点实验室，北京 100191
4.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191

基金项目: 北京市科学技术委员会、中关村科技园区管理委员会资助（Z241100007424005）

详细信息

作者简介:
任浩祺（2003-），男，博士生，主要从事氢燃料低排放燃烧。E-mail：renhaoqi@buaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王建臣（1986-），男，助理研究员，博士，主要从事航空发动机低排放燃烧研究。E-mail：wangjianchen@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-12-22
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-17

Influence of swirl intensity and hydrogen nozzles on the combustion performance of pure-hydrogen combustor

Ren Haoqi^1
,,
Lin Yuzhen^{2, 3},
Zhang Lichuan²,
Hua Jian⁴,
Zhang Haoyu⁴,
Wang Jianchen^{2, 3,*
, ,}

1.
National College for Excellent Engineers，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
Research Institute of Aero-Engine，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
3.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Thermodynamics，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
4.
School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
为探究旋流强度与氢气喷孔数量对纯氢燃烧室燃烧性能的影响，设计了一种文氏管末端布置氢气喷嘴的双旋流器结构。采用数值模拟与实验相结合的方法，系统研究了有无内旋流、外旋流数及氢气喷孔数量对氢/空掺混特性、火焰形态及NOx排放的影响规律。结果表明：外旋流数从0.9增至1.5，掺混距离由45 mm缩短至15 mm，NOx排放在相同当量比下降低约10 r/min；内旋流有助于稳定火焰，而采用内直流设计能冲散中心高温区，使高温区体积减小约30%，抑制NOx生成；氢气喷孔数量由12增至15，虽不改变整体掺混速率，但可改善上游氢气周向分布均匀性，整体降低高温区温度，缩短火焰长度，降低NOx排放；该结构表现出良好的热声振荡抑制能力，压力脉动振幅低于20 Pa，实现了全工况下的稳定燃烧。本研究提出的设计方案，为实现高效低污染纯氢燃烧提供了可靠的技术路径，支撑我国清洁能源装备自主化与碳中和战略发展。
- 旋流强度 /
- 氢燃料 /
- 喷孔数量 /
- NOx排放 /
- 火焰形态
Abstract:
The influence of swirl intensity and hydrogen nozzle configuration on the combustion performance of a pure-hydrogen combustor was investigated. A dual-swirler design with hydrogen injection at the venturi exit was adopted. Through combined numerical and experimental analysis, the effects of inner swirl presence, outer swirl number (ranging from 0.9 to 1.5), and hydrogen orifice number (12 and 15) on mixing, flame structure, and NOx emissions were systematically examined. Results indicated that increasing the outer swirl number from 0.9 to 1.5 reduced the mixing distance from 45 mm to 15 mm and lowered NOx emissions by approximately 10 r/min at a constant equivalence ratio. While the inner swirl promoted flame stability, an inner axial-flow design dispersed the central high-temperature zone, decreasing its volume by about 30% and further suppressing NOx formation. Increasing the number of hydrogen orifices from 12 to 15 improved upstream circumferential fuel distribution, reduced local peak temperatures, and shortened flame length without altering the overall mixing rate, thereby reducing NOx emissions. The combustor also exhibited effective thermoacoustic suppression, with pressure oscillations maintained below 20 Pa, ensuring stable operation across all tested conditions. This work provides a viable design strategy for high-efficiency, low-emission pure-hydrogen combustion systems, supporting the development of clean energy technologies and carbon-neutrality objectives.
- swirl intensity /
- hydrogen fuel /
- nozzle count /
- NOx emissions /
- flame shape

HTML

图 1 氢燃料旋流器模型

Figure 1. Hydrogen fuel swirler model

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图 2 轴向速度分布

Figure 2. Axial velocity distribution

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图 3 出口温度分布

Figure 3. Outlet temperature distribution

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图 4 实验系统图

Figure 4. Experimental system

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图 5 方案1火焰原始图像及阿贝尔逆变换火焰图像

Figure 5. Original and Abel-Inverted flame images for case 1

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图 6 方案1在当量比为0.5时阿贝尔逆变换火焰图像（上）与数值模拟OH*基团质量分布（下）对比

Figure 6. Comparison of Abel-Inverted flame image （up） and simulated OH* mass fraction contour （down） for case 1 at an equivalence ratio of 0.5

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图 7 冷态氢气云图、流线图及氢气喷嘴区域速度矢量图（方案1）

Figure 7. Unreacted state contour and local velocity vectors of hydrogen nozzle （case 1）

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图 8 不同高温区体积区域

Figure 8. Contour of total temperature distribution

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图 9 内旋流对SMI的影响

Figure 9. Effect of inner swirl on SMI

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图 10 内旋流与内直流方案冷态流线图

Figure 10. Comparison of unreacted state streamlines between inner swirl and inner straight

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图 11 内旋流与内直流热态总温云图

Figure 11. Comparison of reacted state streamlines between inner swirl and inner straight

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图 12 内旋流对NOx排放（体积分数）的影响

Figure 12. Effect of inner swirl on NOx emission（volume fraction）

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图 13 方案2原始火焰图像

Figure 13. Time-averaged original flame images for case 2

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图 14 方案1与方案2高温区体积对比

Figure 14. Comparison of high-temperature zone volume between case 1 and case 2

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图 15 外旋流数变化对SMI的影响

Figure 15. Effect of outer swirl number on SMI

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图 16 不同旋流数对冷态场云图的影响

Figure 16. Effect of outer swirl number on unreacted state contour

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图 17 不同旋流数对热态云图的影响

Figure 17. Effect of outer swirl number on reacted state contour

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图 19 不同外旋流数各当量比下火焰图像

Figure 19. Flame images at various outer swirl numbers and equivalence ratios

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图 18 外旋流数对NOx排放（体积分数）的影响

Figure 18. Effect of outer swirl number on NOx emission（volume fraction）

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图 20 方案1与方案5的SMI曲线

Figure 20. Comparison of SMI between case 1 and case 5

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图 21 方案1与方案5不同轴向截面氢气组分分布云图

Figure 21. Hydrogen distribution contour plots at different axial cross-sections for case 1 and case 5

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图 22 方案1与方案5高温区体积对比

Figure 22. Comparison of high-temperature zone volume between case 1 and case 5

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图 23 喷孔形状对NOx排放（体积分数）的影响

Figure 23. Effect of the number of nozzles on NOx emissions （volume fraction）

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图 24 方案1与方案5火焰图像对比

Figure 24. Comparison of original flame images between case 1 and case 5

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图 25 各方案压力脉动振幅

Figure 25. Pressure fluctuation amplitudes for each case

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表 1 氢旋流器结构变化

Table 1. Structural variations of hydrogen swirlers

方案编号 S_in S_out 喷孔数

1 0.3 1.2 12

2 0 1.2 12

3 0.3 1.5 12

4 0.3 0.9 12

5 0.3 1.2 15

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