Effects of relative swirl direction on combustion dynamics of a pure-hydrogen dual-swirl combustor
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摘要:
为明确相对旋向对纯氢双旋流燃烧动态特性的影响,在喷孔、流道尺寸和名义旋流数幅值相同条件下,对反向旋流(CR)与同向旋流(CO)开展常压试验。空气体积流量为2.20、3.30、4.40×10−3 m3/s,当量比为0.05~1.00,共120个工况。采用动态压力与高速OH*化学发光测量,分析压力幅频特征和火焰投影。结果表明:两构型的压力脉动随当量比非单调变化。CR高响应窗口较窄,最大压力均方根为0.28 kPa;CO在中高流量下形成较宽高响应区,最大值为0.55 kPa。在最大空气流量且当量比0.80~1.00时,CO为CR的2.6~3.0倍。主频为0.70~1.14 kHz;CO在中高流量及较高当量比下呈连续窄带谱脊,CR低流量强响应的宽带与多频特征更明显。投影面积在当量比0.20~0.50时快速增至(2.5~2.8)×103 mm2后趋于饱和。CR较早形成高窄包络,CO在较宽范围保持低宽杯形结构。相对旋向改变了压力响应窗口、频谱组织与火焰投影形态。
Abstract:To clarify the effects of relative swirl direction on the pure-hydrogen dual-swirl combustion dynamics, atmospheric tests were conducted to compare counter-rotating (CR) and co-rotating (CO) configurations with identical fuel orifices, flow passages, and nominal swirl-number magnitudes. The air volume flow rates were 2.20, 3.30, and 4.40×10−3 m3/s, and the equivalence ratios ranged from 0.05 to 1.00, covering 120 conditions in total. Dynamic pressure and high-speed OH* chemiluminescence measurements were used to characterize the pressure amplitude-frequency and flame projection morphology. Pressure fluctuations varied non-monotonically with equivalence ratio. CR exhibited narrower high-response regions with a maximum pressure root mean square of 0.28 kPa; CO produced broader high-response regions at medium and high flow rates, reaching 0.55 kPa. At the highest flow rate and equivalence ratios of 0.80 to 1.00, the CO value was 2.6 to 3.0 times that of CR. The dominant frequencies ranged from 0.70 to 1.14 kHz. CO exhibited continuous narrowband spectral ridges at medium-to-high flow rates and high equivalence ratios, whereas CR showed stronger broadband and multifrequency features during strong low-flow responses. The projected area increased rapidly to (2.5 to 2.8)×103 mm2 at equivalence ratios of 0.20 to 0.50 and then approached saturation. CR formed a tall, narrow envelope earlier, while CO retained a low, wide cup-shaped structure over a broader range. The relative swirl direction changed the pressure-response windows, spectral organization, and projected flame morphology.
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图 6 CR与CO构型时间平均OH*化学发光投影(每组上行为CR、下行为CO;当量比由0.10增至1.00,间隔0.10;色标为各工况图像独立归一化的OH*发光强度IOH*/Imax)
Figure 6. Time-averaged OH* chemiluminescence projections for the CR and CO configurations (CR in the upper row and CO in the lower row of each group; equivalence ratio from 0.10 to 1.00 at an interval of 0.10; the color bar denotes OH* intensity independently normalized within each condition, IOH*/Imax)
表 1 CR与CO双旋流燃烧器主要对比参数
Table 1. Main comparative parameters of the CR and CO dual-swirl combustors
参数 反向旋流(CR) 同向旋流(CO) 燃料喷孔 28×ϕ0.6 mm:1个轴向孔、12个倾斜孔、15个径向孔 与CR相同 内旋流器 8个叶片,名义几何旋流数0.47 与CR相同 外旋流器 24个叶片,名义几何旋流数幅值0.90 标量尺寸与CR相同,叶片手性镜像 相对旋向 内、外旋流方向相反 内、外旋流方向相同 出口 直径为 22.6397 mm,面积为402.56 mm2与CR相同 表 2 试验工况与采集参数
Table 2. Experimental conditions and acquisition parameters
参数/单位 数值 环境压力pa/kPa 102~103 环境与入口温度T/K 300 空气体积流量qV,a/10−3 (m3/s) 2.20,3.30,4.40 全局当量比φ 0.05~1.00,增量0.05 压力采样频率fs/kHz 20 压力采集时长t/s 10 高速相机采样频率fcam/kHz 10 曝光时间texp/μs 89 每个工况图像数Nimg 5000 -
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