斜盘式轴向柱塞泵柱塞副微织构特性分析

岳星岐; 赵国超; 丁江明; 王慧; 宋宇宁

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250035

斜盘式轴向柱塞泵柱塞副微织构特性分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250035

岳星岐^1,,
赵国超²,
丁江明^1,*, ,,
王慧²,
宋宇宁³

1.
武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院，武汉 430063
2.
辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院，辽宁阜新 123099
3.
营口理工学院机械与动力工程系，辽宁营口 115014

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52204169）；辽宁省教育厅科研项目（LJ212510147029）；辽宁省区域创新联合基金计划项目（2022-YKLH-07）

详细信息

作者简介:
岳星岐（1997-），男，博士生，研究方向为机电液一体化系统与技术。E-mail：532911262@qq.com

通讯作者:
丁江明（1976-），男，副教授，博士，研究方向为机电液一体化系统与技术。E-mail：dingjiangming@whut.edu.cn

中图分类号: V245.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 181
- HTML浏览量: 95
- PDF量: 23
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-20
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-25

Analysis of the micro-textured characteristics of piston/cylinder pair of swash plate axial piston pumps

1.
School of Naval Architecture，Ocean and Energy Power Engineering，Wuhan University of Technology，Wuhan 430063，China
2.
School of Mechanical Engineering，Liaoning Technical University，Fuxin Liaoning 123099，China
3.
Department of Mechanical and Power Engineering，Yingkou Institute of Technology，Yingkou Liaoning，115014，China

摘要

摘要:
为优化斜盘式轴向柱塞泵工作的振动现象，建立了斜盘式轴向柱塞泵柱塞副有限元模型，通过试验验证了模型具有高度准确性，并采用等间距试验法分析了排油口负载压力、缸体转速和斜盘倾角等工况参数对柱塞副油膜的压力特性和空化特性的影响规律，基于压力特性和空化特性分析比较了三种柱塞副织构对油膜特性的影响规律。结果表明：柱塞在吸油区与排油区相互转换阶段，随排油口负载压力、缸体转速和斜盘倾角等工况参数增大，柱塞副油膜压力梯度增大，油膜正压力增大、油膜空化程度增大，随着吸油口压力的增大，油膜空化程度降低；柱塞副微织构类型与油膜特性直接相关，3种微织构类型中应用矩形沟槽的柱塞副油膜特性为最优，当沟槽类型为矩形、正梯形和倒梯形时，气相体积分数峰值分别为7.143%、7.216%和7.293%，正压力峰值分别为187.16、211.5 N和219.8 N，为柱塞泵振动现象优化设计提供参考。
- 轴向柱塞泵 /
- 柱塞副 /
- 微织构 /
- 油膜特性 /
- 振动
Abstract:
To optimize the vibration phenomenon of the swash plate axial piston pump, a finite element model of the piston/cylinder pair of the swash plate axial piston pump was established, and the model was verified to be highly accurate through tests, and the influence of working conditions parameters such as load pressure at the oil discharge port, cylinder rotational speed, and inclination angle of the swash plate on the pressure and cavitation characteristics of the oil film of plunger micro-textured were analyzed by using the isometric test method, and the influence of the three types of plunger micro-textured structures on the oil film characteristics was compared based on the analysis of the pressure and cavitation characteristics. Based on the pressure characteristics and cavitation characteristics, the influence of three types of plunger micro-textured on the oil film characteristics is compared. The results show that: when the plunger is in the phase of transition between the suction area and discharge area, the pressure gradient of the piston/cylinder pair film increases with the increase of load pressure at the discharge port, cylinder rotational speed, and swash-plate inclination, the positive pressure of the oil film increases and the degree of cavitation increases, and the degree of cavitation decreases with the rise of suction port pressure; the type of the plunger micro-textured is directly related to the characteristics of the oil film, and the three types of the micro-textured with rectangle grooves are the best, When the groove types are rectangular, trapezoidal, and inverted trapezoidal, the peak gas phase volume fractions are 7.143%, 7.216%, and 7.293%, respectively, and the peak positive pressures are 187.16 N, 211.5 N, and 219.8 N, respectively, which provide references for the optimal design of the vibration phenomenon of the piston pump.
- axial piston pumps /
- piston/cylinder pair /
- micro-textured /
- oil film characteristics /
- vibration

HTML

图 1 柱塞泵模型

Figure 1. Plunger pump model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 柱塞受力示意图

Figure 2. Plunger force diagram

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 有限元模型建立

Figure 3. Establishment of finite element model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 柱塞泵压力特性数值解析结果

Figure 4. Numerical analysis results of pressure characteristics of plunger pump

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 液压系统原理图

1 吸油过滤器；2 蝶阀；3 换向阀；4 柱塞泵；5 电动机；6 单向阀；7 压力表；8 压力传感器；9 换向阀；10 溢流阀；11 节流阀；12 流量表；13 温度调节器；14 回油过滤器；15 油箱；16 空滤器；17 加热器。

Figure 5. Hydraulic system schematic diagram

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 多参数集成试验台

Figure 6. Multi-parameter integrated test bench

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 试验泵

Figure 7. Test pump

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 排油口动态压力对比

Figure 8. Comparison of dynamic pressures at the drain port

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 柱塞副油膜压力场分布情况

Figure 9. Piston/cylinder pair oil film pressure field distribution

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 变工况参数下柱塞副油膜压力场分布情况

Figure 10. Distribution of oil film pressure field in the piston/cylinder pair with variable operating conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 变负载压力下油膜正压力分布特性

Figure 11. Distribution characteristics of oil film positive pressure with variable load conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 变缸体转速下油膜正压力分布特性

Figure 12. Distribution characteristics of oil film positive pressure with different cylinder speed

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 变斜盘倾角下油膜正压力分布特性

Figure 13. Distribution characteristics of oil film positive pressure with different swash plate angles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 斜盘式轴向柱塞泵柱塞副油膜空化分布情况

Figure 14. Distribution of oil film cavitation in piston/cylinder pair of swash plate axial piston pump

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 变吸油口压力下油膜气相体积分数分布特性

Figure 15. Distribution characteristics of gas phase volume fraction of oil film with different suction port pressure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 16 变负载压力下油膜气相体积分数分布特性

Figure 16. Distribution characteristics of gas phase volume fraction of oil film with different load pressure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 17 变缸体转速下油膜气相体积分数分布特性

Figure 17. Distribution characteristics of gas phase volume fraction of oil film with different cylinder speed

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 18 变斜盘倾角下油膜气相体积分数分布特性

Figure 18. Distribution characteristics of gas phase volume fraction of oil film with different swash plate angles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 19 变沟槽结构下柱塞模型

Figure 19. Plunger modelling with different groove configurations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 20 变柱塞沟槽结构下油膜气相体积分数分布特性

Figure 20. Distribution characteristics of gas phase volume fraction of oil film with different plunger groove structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 21 变柱塞沟槽结构下油膜正压力分布特性

Figure 21. Distribution characteristics of positive pressure of oil film with different plunger groove structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 主要技术指标

Table 1. Main technical specifications

参数	数值
入口压力/MPa	0.1
出口压力/MPa	20
油液密度/（ kg/m³）	870
动力黏度/（ Pa·s）	0.033
泵轴转速/（ r/min）	2000
斜盘倾角/（°）	10
溢流阀/MPa	0～31.5
电磁换向阀/MPa	0～31.5
压力变送器/MPa	0～40

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(25)

[1]	高文科, 王状状, 张曦文, 等. 基于HP滤波和Wiener过程的柱塞泵剩余使用寿命预测[J]. 航空动力学报, 2024, 39(7): 11-20. Gao Wenke, Wang Zhuangzhuang, Zhang Xiwen, et al. Remaining useful life prediction for piston pump based on HP filter and Wiener process[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2024, 39(7): 11-20. (in Chinese doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230217 Gao Wenke, Wang Zhuangzhuang, Zhang Xiwen, et al. Remaining useful life prediction for piston pump based on HP filter and Wiener process[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2024, 39(7): 11-20. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20230217
[2]	赵凯平, 何涛, 王传礼, 等. 阀配流压力脉动扰动下的柱塞泵滑靴副润滑特性[J]. 航空动力学报, 2023, 38(6): 1432-1445. Zhao Kaiping, He Tao, Wang Chuanli, et al. Lubrication characteristics of slipper pair of piston pump under the disturbance of valve distribution pressure pulsation[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2023, 38(6): 1432-1445. (in Chinese doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220441 Zhao Kaiping, He Tao, Wang Chuanli, et al. Lubrication characteristics of slipper pair of piston pump under the disturbance of valve distribution pressure pulsation[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2023, 38(6): 1432-1445. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220441
[3]	何雪明, 陈双成, 张荣, 等. 海水淡化轴向柱塞泵流体特性分析[J]. 流体机械, 2016, 44(1): 19-23. He Xueming, Chen Shuangcheng, Zhang Rong, et al. Analysis of flow distribution in water characteristics axial piston pump[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2016, 44(1): 19-23. (in Chinese He Xueming, Chen Shuangcheng, Zhang Rong, et al. Analysis of flow distribution in water characteristics axial piston pump[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2016, 44(1): 19-23. (in Chinese)
[4]	巴胜富, 鲁飞, 苏吉鑫, 等. 高压柱塞泵汽蚀的分析与对策[J]. 流体机械, 2017, 45(3): 52-55. Ba Shengfu, Lu Fei, Su Jixin, et al. Analysis and countermeasures of cavitation in high pressure plunger pump[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2017, 45(3): 52-55. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2017.03.011 Ba Shengfu, Lu Fei, Su Jixin, et al. Analysis and countermeasures of cavitation in high pressure plunger pump[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2017, 45(3): 52-55. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0329.2017.03.011
[5]	Wang Wei. Analysis on the side leakage amount of the friction between piston and cylinder block in axial piston pump[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2014, 635/636/637: 341-345.
[6]	Shin J H, Kim K W. Effect of surface non-flatness on the lubrication characteristics in the valve part of a swash-plate type axial piston pump[J]. Meccanica, 2014, 49(5): 1275-1295. doi: 10.1007/s11012-014-9893-1
[7]	夏宏新, 王淑平, 曾先顺, 等. 超高压柱塞泵柱塞副的油膜温度特性研究[J]. 机电工程, 2024, 41(9): 1677-1683. Xia Hongxin, Wang Shuping, Zeng Xianshun, et al. Temperature characteristic of plunger pair-oil film in ultra-high pressure plunger pump[J]. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Magazine, 2024, 41(9): 1677-1683. (in Chinese Xia Hongxin, Wang Shuping, Zeng Xianshun, et al. Temperature characteristic of plunger pair-oil film in ultra-high pressure plunger pump[J]. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Magazine, 2024, 41(9): 1677-1683. (in Chinese)
[8]	郑亮, 李国祥, 白书战, 等. 大排量轴向柱塞泵柱塞副润滑特性分析[J]. 液压与气动, 2023, 47(3): 17-27. Zheng Liang, Li Guoxiang, Bai Shuzhan, et al. Analysis of lubrication characteristics of piston pair in large displacement axial piston pump[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2023, 47(3): 17-27. (in Chinese Zheng Liang, Li Guoxiang, Bai Shuzhan, et al. Analysis of lubrication characteristics of piston pair in large displacement axial piston pump[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2023, 47(3): 17-27. (in Chinese)
[9]	翟旭茂, 田新伟, 张传斌, 等. 柴油机活塞缸套摩擦副润滑和多柔体动力学耦合特性[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(3): 324-332. Zhai Xumao, Tian Xinwei, Zhang Chuanbin, et al. Coupling characteristics of lubrication and flexible multibody dynamics of piston-liner pairs in diesel engines[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(3): 324-332. (in Chinese doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.357 Zhai Xumao, Tian Xinwei, Zhang Chuanbin, et al. Coupling characteristics of lubrication and flexible multibody dynamics of piston-liner pairs in diesel engines[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(3): 324-332. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.357
[10]	胡敏, 高鹏, 闵思婕, 等. 超高压斜盘式轴向柱塞泵柱塞副摩擦界面油膜固液耦合作用特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(20): 438-452. Hu Min, Gao Peng, Min Sijie, et al. Study on the solid-liquid interaction characteristics of the oil film within piston cylinder pair of the ultra-high pressure swash plate type axial piston pump[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(20): 438-452. (in Chinese Hu Min, Gao Peng, Min Sijie, et al. Study on the solid-liquid interaction characteristics of the oil film within piston cylinder pair of the ultra-high pressure swash plate type axial piston pump[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(20): 438-452. (in Chinese)
[11]	杭旸, 闫康昊, 黄丹. 计入柱塞套弹性变形的柱塞副摩擦与密封特性分析[J]. 中国机械工程, 2023, 34(1): 17-26. Hang Yang, Yan Kanghao, Huang Dan. Analyses of friction and sealing characteristics of piston/bushing interfaces considering elastic deformations[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(1): 17-26. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.01.003 Hang Yang, Yan Kanghao, Huang Dan. Analyses of friction and sealing characteristics of piston/bushing interfaces considering elastic deformations[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(1): 17-26. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.01.003
[12]	丁川, 章立超, 夏宁, 等. 二维活塞/缸体副微间隙流场的剪切空化实验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2023, 34(12): 1395-1406. Ding Chuan, Zhang Lichao, Xia Ning, et al. Experimental study of shear cavitation in two-dimensional piston/cylinder pairs micro-gap flow fields[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(12): 1395-1406. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.12.002 Ding Chuan, Zhang Lichao, Xia Ning, et al. Experimental study of shear cavitation in two-dimensional piston/cylinder pairs micro-gap flow fields[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(12): 1395-1406. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.12.002
[13]	Lyu Fei, Zhang Junhui, Sun Guangming, et al. Research on wear prediction of piston/cylinder pair in axial piston pumps[J]. Wear, 2020, 456/457: 203338.
[14]	Zhang Jin, Liu Baolei, Lü Ruiqi, et al. Study on oil film characteristics of piston-cylinder pair of ultra-high pressure axial piston pump[J]. Processes, 2020, 8(1): 68. doi: 10.3390/pr8010068
[15]	Zhang Junhui, Lyu Fei, Xu Bing, et al. Simulation and experimental investigation on low wear rate surface contour of piston/cylinder pair in an axial piston pump[J]. Tribology International, 2021, 162: 107127. doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2021.107127
[16]	Zhou Weixuan, Wei Xiaofeng, Geston Haidak, et al. Numerical study on the lubrication performance of oil films in textured piston/cylinder pairs[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2023, 35(7): 073606. doi: 10.1063/5.0158223
[17]	Wang Zhiqiang, Ye Rihong, Singh S S K, et al. Modelling and fatigue reliability investigation on wear prediction of piston/cylinder pair based on friction fatigue mechanism[J]. Tribology International, 2024, 194: 109485. doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.109485
[18]	张梦俭. 斜盘式轴向柱塞泵柱塞副油膜特性研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨理工大学, 2018. Zhang Mengjian. Research on the oil film characteristics of the swashplate axial piston pump plunger pair[D]. Harbin: Harbin University of Science and Technology, 2018. (in Chinese Zhang Mengjian. Research on the oil film characteristics of the swashplate axial piston pump plunger pair[D]. Harbin: Harbin University of Science and Technology, 2018. (in Chinese)
[19]	王慧, 岳星岐, 赵国超, 等. 斜盘式轴向柱塞泵空化特性分析[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2024, 45(3): 26-33. Wang Hui, Yue Xingqi, Zhao Guochao, et al. Analysis of cavitation characteristics of swash plate axial piston pump[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2024, 45(3): 26-33. (in Chinese doi: 10.11809/bqzbgcxb2024.03.004 Wang Hui, Yue Xingqi, Zhao Guochao, et al. Analysis of cavitation characteristics of swash plate axial piston pump[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2024, 45(3): 26-33. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11809/bqzbgcxb2024.03.004
[20]	索晓宇, 姜毅, 王文杰, 等. 飞机舵面液压系统高压泵空化流动特性与优化[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(9): 184-198. Suo Xiaoyu, Jiang Yi, Wang Wenjie, et al. Cavitation flow characteristics and optimization of high-pressure pumps in hydraulic system of aircraft control surfaces[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(9): 184-198. (in Chinese Suo Xiaoyu, Jiang Yi, Wang Wenjie, et al. Cavitation flow characteristics and optimization of high-pressure pumps in hydraulic system of aircraft control surfaces[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(9): 184-198. (in Chinese)
[21]	Chao Qun, Tao Jianfeng, Wei Xiaoliang, et al. Cavitation intensity recognition for high-speed axial piston pumps using 1-D convolutional neural networks with multi-channel inputs of vibration signals[J]. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2020, 59(6): 4463-4473. doi: 10.1016/j.aej.2020.07.052
[22]	Ding H, Visser F C, Jiang Y, et al. Demonstration and validation of a 3D CFD simulation tool predicting pump performance and cavitation for industrial applications[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2011, 133: 011101. doi: 10.1115/1.4003196
[23]	岳星岐, 王慧, 赵国超, 等. 斜盘式轴向柱塞泵配流副油膜特性分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(11): 92-100. Yue Xingqi, Wang Hui, Zhao Guochao, et al. Analysis of oil film characteristics of port plate pair of swash plate axial piston pumps[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(11): 92-100. (in Chinese doi: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2025.11.010 Yue Xingqi, Wang Hui, Zhao Guochao, et al. Analysis of oil film characteristics of port plate pair of swash plate axial piston pumps[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(11): 92-100. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2025.11.010
[24]	Wang Wenan, Liu Zhiqi, Chen Dongliang, et al. Influence of different surface texture parameters on the contact performance of piston ring-sleeve friction pair of hydraulic cylinders[J]. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2021, 2021: 5495995. doi: 10.1155/2021/5495995
[25]	Liang Yingna, Wang Wei, Zhang Zhepeng, et al. Effect of material selection and surface texture on tribological properties of key friction pairs in water hydraulic axial piston pumps: a review[J]. Lubricants, 2023, 11(8): 324. doi: 10.3390/lubricants11080324