发动机舱油雾着火及火蔓延特性的数值模拟

丁芳; 李松阳; 丛北华

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210196

发动机舱油雾着火及火蔓延特性的数值模拟

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210196

1.
中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司，上海 200241
2.
上海防灾救灾研究所，上海 200092

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（J2019-Ⅷ-0010-0171）

详细信息

作者简介:
丁芳（1991-），女，工程师，硕士，主要从事航空发动机防火技术研究

中图分类号: V231.2⁺4
计量
- 文章访问数: 184
- HTML浏览量: 37
- PDF量: 84
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-23

Numerical simulation on fire and spread characteristics of oil spray in engine compartment

1.
Commercial Aircraft Engine Company Limited， Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shanghai 200241，China
2.
Shanghai Institute of Disaster Prevention and Relief，Shanghai 200092，China

摘要

摘要:
为研究发动机舱内典型火灾规律，采用大涡模拟技术，针对某型发动机核心机舱建立了油雾火的火灾模型，研究舱内着火及火蔓延规律，分析不同泄漏位置及泄漏孔朝向对火焰传播及温度、热流分布的影响。结果表明：在舱内的通风热环境下，油雾泄漏会被引燃并稳定燃烧，中间有一定的潜伏期，火灾强度较大，破坏性严重；油雾火灾是典型的由通风控制的不充分燃烧过程，呈现一定的蔓延规律，火焰中心位于高速回流区，向引气口及尾部排气方向快速蔓延；不同泄漏位置及泄漏孔朝向对火灾的蔓延形态、温度及热流的分布有一定影响，其中泄漏位置对温度热流峰值影响较大，泄漏孔朝向对温度热流的分布影响较大。
- 油雾火 /
- 火蔓延 /
- 大涡模拟 /
- 火灾特性 /
- 发动机舱
Abstract:
In order to study the typical fire in the engine compartment, the large eddy simulation technology was used to establish a spray fire model of engine core compartment. The fire and fire propagation process in cabin was studied, and the effects of different leak positions and spray orientations on flame propagation, temperature and heat flux distribution were analyzed. The result showed that the spray leakage led to ignition and stable burning in the ventilated heat environment of cabin. There was a certain incubation period during ignition, after getting a high intensive and serious destructive fire. Spray fire indicated a typical incomplete combustion process controlled by ventilation, presenting a certain law of propagation; the center of the flame was located in the high-speed recirculation zone, and it spread rapidly to the air intake and tail exhaust. Different leak positions and spray orientations had a certain impact on fire propagation, temperature distribution and heat flux. The location of the leak had greater influence on the peak temperature and heat flux, and the spray orientation had greater influence on temperature and heat flux distribution.
- spray fire /
- fire spread /
- large eddy simulation /
- fire performance /
- engine compartment

HTML

图 1 核心机舱的几何模型

Figure 1. Geometric model of core compartment

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图 2 舱内的流动传热初场

Figure 2. Initial flow and heat transfer field of compartment

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图 3 舱内沿程平均流速、温度分布

Figure 3. Average velocity and temperature distribution of compartment

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图 4 油雾着火及稳燃过程

Figure 4. Initial and steady combustion process of spray fire

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图 5 油雾着火过程的热释放率与燃油蒸气质量

Figure 5. Heat release rate and fuel vapor quality of spray fire

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图 6 油雾火灾蔓延情况

Figure 6. Spread performance of oil spray

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图 7 燃烧稳定时的温度和速度矢量分布

Figure 7. Temperature and velocity vector distribution of stable combustion

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图 8 不同泄漏形式的舱内火蔓延规律

Figure 8. Fire spread regulation in compartment of different leakage forms

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图 9 不同泄漏孔位置的温度热流分布

Figure 9. Temperature and heat flux distribution in different locations of nozzle

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图 10 不同泄漏孔朝向的温度热流分布

Figure 10. Temperature and heat flux distribution in different orientations of nozzle

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表 1 燃油RP-3物性参数

Table 1. Physical parameters of fuel RP-3

参数	数值及说明
化学式	C₁₂H₂₃
比定压热容/ （kJ/（kg·℃））	2.188
密度/（kg/m³）	779.6
凝固点/℃	−47
蒸发温度/℃	223
汽化潜热/（kJ/kg）	325
自燃点（AIT）/℃	425
临界火焰温度（CFT）/℃	1327
燃烧热值/（kJ/kg）	43530

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表 2 油雾火计算工况表

Table 2. Calculation conditions of spray fire

工况	泄漏孔位置			泄漏孔朝向	备注
工况	x	y	z	泄漏孔朝向	备注
1	0.5	−0.419	−0.17	+x	基准工况
2	0.995	−0.419	−0.17	+x	变轴向位置
3	0.5	−0.419	0.17	+x	变周向位置
4	0.5	−0.419	−0.17	−x	泄漏孔朝向改变
5	0.5	−0.419	−0.17	+z	泄漏孔朝向改变

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