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高温环境下角接触球轴承磨损寿命分析

牛荣军 韩争杰 王玉飞 李鸿亮 邓四二

牛荣军,韩争杰,王玉飞,等.高温环境下角接触球轴承磨损寿命分析[J].航空动力学报,2022,37(8):1780‑1792. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210466
引用本文: 牛荣军,韩争杰,王玉飞,等.高温环境下角接触球轴承磨损寿命分析[J].航空动力学报,2022,37(8):1780‑1792. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210466
NIU Rongjun,HAN Zhengjie,WANG Yufei,et al.Wear life analysis of angular contact ball bearing in high temperature environment[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2022,37(8):1780‑1792. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210466
Citation: NIU Rongjun,HAN Zhengjie,WANG Yufei,et al.Wear life analysis of angular contact ball bearing in high temperature environment[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2022,37(8):1780‑1792. doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210466

高温环境下角接触球轴承磨损寿命分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210466
详细信息
    作者简介:

    牛荣军(1977-),男,教授,博士,主要研究方向为轴承摩擦与润滑。E⁃mail:niurongjun@163.com

  • 中图分类号: V259

Wear life analysis of angular contact ball bearing in high temperature environment

  • 摘要:

    针对高温环境下轴承材料性质和润滑状态变化,造成轴承磨损加剧,过早丧失精度的问题。首先开展高温环境下轴承用材料的摩擦磨损试验,获取材料的磨损系数。在此基础上,考虑温度、润滑、轴承材料属性等对轴承磨损性能的影响,建立高温角接触球轴承磨损模型,通过数值求解探讨工况参数和结构参数等对轴承磨损性能的影响,并评估轴承的磨损寿命。结果表明:对于高温轴承材料无磁合金GH05,在高温300 ℃摩擦状态下平均磨损系数为2.5×10⁃7 mm2/N;随着载荷、转速、温度的增加,轴承内、外滚道的磨损率均不断增大,其中内圈磨损率大于外圈,内圈磨损特性决定着轴承的磨损寿命;载荷和转速是决定轴承磨损寿命的主要因素,轴承主结构参数对磨损寿命具有重要影响,通过结构优化可提高轴承磨损寿命。

     

  • 图 1  无磁合金GH05球盘试样

    Figure 1.  Ball⁃disk sample of nonmagnetic alloy GH05

    图 2  高温轴承材料试验原理

    Figure 2.  Test principle of high temperature bearing materials

    图 3  高温材料摩擦磨损试验设备

    Figure 3.  Friction and wear test equipment for high temperature materials

    图 5  不同工况条件下的磨损体积

    Figure 5.  Wear volume under different working conditions

    图 6  角接触球轴承滑动速度分布

    Figure 6.  Sliding speed distribution of angular contact ball bearing

    图 7  外力作用下轴承的变形位移

    Figure 7.  Deformation displacement of bearing under external force

    图 8  钢球球心与曲率中心相对位置

    Figure 8.  Relative position between steel ball center and curvature center of rings

    图 9  接触区域任一点局部滑动速度

    Figure 9.  Local sliding velocity at any point in the contact area

    图 10  磨损后沟道曲率半径变化

    Figure 10.  Change of groove curvature radius after wear

    图 12  转速对轴承滚道磨损率的影响

    Figure 12.  Effect of rotating speed on wear rate of bearing raceway

    图 13  游隙对滚道磨损率的影响

    Figure 13.  Effect of clearance on wear rate of ring raceway

    图 14  沟曲率半径系数对滚道磨损率的影响

    Figure 14.  Effect of groove curvature radius coefficient on ring raceway wear rate

    图 15  联合载荷对滚道磨损率的影响

    Figure 15.  Effect of combined loads on ring raceway wear rate

    图 16  钢球个数和直径对滚道磨损率的影响

    Figure 16.  Effect of number and diameter of the steel balls on ring raceway wear rate

    图 18  转速对轴承磨损寿命的影响

    Figure 18.  Effect of rotating speed on bearing wear life

    图 19  游隙对轴承磨损寿命的影响

    Figure 19.  Effect of clearance on bearing wear life

    图 20  试验设备主体图

    Figure 20.  Main appearance of test equipment

    表  1  材料和载荷水平

    Table  1.   Sample material and load level

    项目球试样圆盘试样
    材料GH05GH05
    弹性模量/105 MPa2.092.09
    泊松比0.290.29
    加载载荷/N50~100
    试验转动速度/(r/min)80
    润滑剂黏度(t=300 ℃)0.006 Pa·s
    试验时间/min120
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  轴承材料磨损系数试验结果

    Table  2.   Wear coefficient test results of bearing materials

    温度t/℃润滑状态磨损系数/(mm2/N)
    25干摩擦(1.78~2.89)×10-7
    300干摩擦(1.93~3.02)×10-7
    300低黏度润滑(1.09~2.58)×10-7
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  某型球轴承结构参数

    Table  3.   structural parameters of a certain type of ball bearing

    参数数值
    外圈外径D/mm75
    内圈内径d/mm45
    外圈宽度B/mm16
    钢球直径Dw/mm9
    钢球数Z15
    初始接触角α/(°)25
    初始径向游隙ur/mm0.01
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  试验轴承游隙测试结果

    Table  4.   Test bearing clearance test results

    试验轴承第1次/mm第2次/mm第3次/mm平均值/mm
    1#0.030.0250.0350.03
    2#0.030.0450.030.035
    3#0.040.050.0450.045
    4#0.060.0550.0650.06
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  轴承游隙值的试验测试与计算结果

    Table  5.   Test and calculation results of bearing clearance

    轴承磨损时间/h仿真计算游隙值/mm试验测试游隙值/mm误差/%
    4500.030 860.03511.83
    7500.039 590.04512.02
    1 2000.053 190.0611.35
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-08-21

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