预燃室结构参数对氢氨摆盘发动机的性能影响研究

蒋显渝; 柳平; 邓涛

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250347

预燃室结构参数对氢氨摆盘发动机的性能影响研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250347

蒋显渝^1,,
柳平^{1, 2},
邓涛^{1, 2,*, ,}

1.
重庆交通大学航空学院，重庆 400074
2.
重庆交通大学绿色航空技术研究院，重庆 400074

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52275051）；重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重大项目（CSTB2024TIAD-STX0018）；重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究重大项目（KJZD-M202400703）；重庆交通大学自然科学类揭榜挂帅项目（XJ2023000701）；重庆市研究生导师团队建设项目（JDDSTD2022007）；重庆市研究生联合培养基地建设项目（JDLHPYJD2022001，JDLHPYJD2023002）

详细信息

作者简介:
蒋显渝（2001-），男，硕士生，研究方向为氢氨转子发动机。E-mail：1297878383@qq.com

通讯作者:
邓涛（1982-），男，教授，博士，研究方向为新能源动力系统研究。E-mail：d82t722@cqjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V243
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-22
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-20

Research on performance impact of pre-chamber structural parameters on performance of hydrogen-ammonia swashplate engines

JIANG Xianyu^1
,,
LIU Ping^{1, 2},
DENG Tao^{1, 2,*
, ,}

1.
School of Aeronautics，Chongqing Jiaotong University，Chongqing 400074，China
2.
The Green Aerotechnics Research Institute，Chongqing Jiaotong University，Chongqing 400074，China

摘要

摘要:
为提高摆盘发动机的循环热效率和输出功率，建立预燃室氢射流点燃氨的摆盘发动机仿真模型，分析预燃室关键结构参数对预燃室内热射流和发动机性能参数的影响。结果表明：适当的增大截面比，可使热射流起始时间提前，且热射流贯穿长度增加；当截面比达到0.225时，缸内火焰传播速度更快，综合效果最好。随着预燃室容积的增大，射流火焰的贯穿距离和分布面积呈现先增后减的趋势；当容积比为1%时，射流火焰贯穿距离更大，分布面积更大，使得发动机在该工况下的动力输出与经济性达到最佳平衡。喷孔直径对于摆盘发动机性能的影响同样呈现随喷孔直径增加先增大后较小的趋势；喷孔直径为1 mm时，主燃烧室火焰传播速度更快，分布面积更大，综合性能更优。为摆盘发动机的预燃室结构优化设计及氢氨燃料的高效应用提供了理论参考与技术支撑。
- 摆盘发动机 /
- 预燃室 /
- 氢/氨燃料 /
- 射流点火 /
- 燃烧特性
Abstract:
To improve the cycle thermal efficiency and output power of the swashplate engine, a simulation model of a swashplate engine with pre-chamber hydrogen jet igniting ammonia was established. The influences of key structural parameters of the pre-chamber on the thermal jet in the pre-chamber and the engine performance parameters were analyzed. The results showed that appropriately increasing the cross-sectional ratio can advance the start time of the thermal jet and increase the penetration length of the thermal jet; when the cross-sectional ratio reached 0.225, the flame propagation speed in the cylinder was faster, and the comprehensive effect was the best. With the increase of the pre-chamber volume, the penetration distance and distribution area of the jet flame first increased and then decreased; when the volume ratio was 1%, the jet flame had a larger penetration distance and a larger distribution area, enabling the engine to achieve optimal balance between power output and economy under this working condition. The influence of the orifice diameter on the performance of the Swashplate engine also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the orifice diameter; when the orifice diameter was 1mm, the flame propagation speed in the main combustion chamber was faster, the distribution area was larger, and the comprehensive performance was better. This could provide theoretical reference and technical support for the optimal design of the pre-chamber structure of the swashplate engine and the efficient application of hydrogen-ammonia fuel.
- swashplate engine /
- pre-combustion chamber /
- hydrogen/ammonia fuel /
- jet ignition /
- combustion characteristics

HTML

图 1 摆盘三维模型

Figure 1. Three-dimensional model of plate arrangement

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 摆盘发动机三维模型

Figure 2. Three-dimensional model of the combustion chamber of swashplate engine

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同网格尺寸下主燃室的压力变化

Figure 3. Pressure variations in the main combustion chamber under different grid sizes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 摆盘发动机与活塞发动机缸压和放热率对比

Figure 4. Comparison of cylinder pressure and heat release rate between swashplate engine and piston engine

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同截面比的缸压及放热率变化曲线

Figure 5. Curves of cylinder pressure and heat release rate variations with different cross-sectional ratios

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同截面比的燃烧室温度分布云图

Figure 6. Cloud maps of temperature distribution in combustion chambers with different cross-sectional ratios

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同截面比的指示平均有效压力和指示热效率

Figure 7. Indicated average effective pressure and indicated thermal efficiency at different section ratios

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同容积的缸压及放热率变化曲线

Figure 8. Curves of cylinder pressure and heat release rate variations of different volumes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同容积的燃烧室温度分布云图

Figure 9. Cloud maps of temperature distribution in combustion chambers of different volumes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 不同容积的指示平均有效压力和指示热效率

Figure 10. Indicated average effective pressure and indicated thermal efficiency of different volumes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 不同喷孔直径的缸压及放热率变化曲线

Figure 11. Curves of cylinder pressure and heat release rate variations with different nozzle diameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 不同喷孔直径的燃烧室温度分布云图

Figure 12. Cloud maps of temperature distribution in combustion chambers with different nozzle diameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 不同喷孔直径的指示平均有效压力和指示热效率

Figure 13. Indicated average effective pressure and indicated thermal efficiency for different nozzle diameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 发动机主要设计参数

Table 1. Main design parameters of the engine

参数数值

缸径/mm 76

行程/mm 64.2

气缸数 5

主轴转速ω/（r/min） 1200

连杆长度/mm 180

压缩比 10

下载: 导出CSV

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