摘要: A novel heat transfer coefficient sensor is introduced and the design, manufacture,and calibration are described.The intended application of this instrument was on a high rotational speed test disc. In the experiments,the heat transfer coefficient sensor was calibrated under static state and rotational state respectively. The calibration under the static state was accomplished in a pipe: the inside diameter (ID) was 0.048m and the total length was 4m, the distance between the sensor and the inlet of the pipe was 3.5m; the standard value was measured using a self-made calibrator. The calibration under the rotational state was accomplished using a rotating disc: the diameter and thickness of the stainless disc were 800mm and 25mm, respectively;the sensor was installed at the location of r =250mm; the rotating disc driven by a 30kW direct current motor can supply the maximum rotational speed of 3000r/min. The standard value under rotational state was provided by an approximate empirical formula. The results show that the designed sensor can measure heat transfer coefficient directly under rotational state and static state with good accuracy and stability; the correlation factor of K are constant under static state and rotational state.
摘要: 基于两相界面追踪流体体积(volume of fluid,简称VOF)方法模拟了离心式喷嘴内部的流动过程,在数值方法可靠性验证基础上,得到了15个喷嘴构型的流量系数、液膜厚度以及雾化锥角.定义无量纲影响因子η,比较喷嘴结构参数对喷嘴性能的影响程度.除了喷嘴直径和旋流室直径外,重点研究了出口扩张角、等直段长径比等结构参数的影响,通过与试验相对比,综合以往经验公式,得到如下结论:增大旋流室长度,能够增大雾化锥角;在喷嘴出口增加扩张角,能够显著地减小液膜厚度,减小雾化锥角;增大切向口距喷嘴顶部距离,能够改善喷嘴性能;切向口个数和等直段长度对喷嘴性能影响不大.该工作为下一步优化喷嘴构型打下了基础.